Stiff joints in dogs: Signs, causes and ways to support them

It's natural for dogs to slow down a little as they get older. But if your dog seems less eager for walks, struggles with stairs or takes longer to get comfortable after resting, stiff joints could be playing a part.

Many dogs experience stiff joints as they get older. Understanding the signs can help you spot changes early and make informed decisions about their care and wellbeing.

Common signs of stiff joints in dogs

Every dog is different, but there are a few common signs to look out for:

Changes in movement

Dogs with stiff joints may find certain movements more challenging than they used to. You might notice your dog taking longer to stand up after resting, hesitating before sitting or lying down, struggling with stairs, becoming reluctant to jump onto furniture or into the car, or slowing down on walks.

If you've noticed these changes, it's worth speaking to your vet. Small adjustments at home, such as non-slip rugs, ramps or an orthopaedic bed, may also help make everyday life more comfortable.

Changes in activity

A dog with stiff joints may become less enthusiastic about activities they once enjoyed. Signs can include less interest in walks, reduced enthusiasm for play, sleeping more than usual or taking longer to complete their usual walking route.

While some slowing down is expected as dogs get older, sudden or significant changes should always be discussed with your vet.

Physical signs

Some dogs may also show more obvious physical signs, including limping, holding a leg up, swollen joints or changes in posture.

If these signs persist, speak to your vet for advice. You can also read our guide to why dogs limp.

Changes in behaviour

Changes in behaviour can sometimes be a clue that something isn't quite right. Dogs experiencing mobility concerns may seem quieter than usual, less sociable or reluctant to be touched. Even subtle changes can be worth paying attention to.

What causes stiff joints in dogs?

There are several reasons why a dog may develop stiff joints:

Arthritis

Arthritis is one of the most common causes of stiff joints in dogs. It happens when the structures within a joint change over time, affecting comfort and mobility. Although it's more common in older dogs, it can affect dogs of any age.

Excess weight

Carrying extra weight places additional strain on your dog's joints. Maintaining a healthy weight can help support mobility and overall wellbeing. If you're concerned about your dog's weight, it's best to speak to your vet for advice.

Injury

Sprains, strains and other injuries can lead to stiffness, particularly during recovery. If your dog develops stiffness suddenly or after an accident, arrange a veterinary check-up.

Hip dysplasia

Hip dysplasia is a hereditary condition that affects the hip joint and can impact mobility over time. It's more common in larger breeds. Other inherited joint conditions, such as elbow dysplasia, can also affect dogs. If you think your dog may be affected, your vet can advise on the most appropriate next steps. You can also learn more about dog breeds more at risk of joint issues.

How can you support a dog with stiff joints?

While every dog is different, there are several ways to help support a dog with stiff joints:

Speak to your vet

If you're concerned about your dog's mobility, your vet should always be your first port of call. They can help identify the cause of your dog's stiffness and recommend the most appropriate course of action.

Make simple changes at home

Small adjustments can make everyday life easier. Consider ramps for furniture or vehicles, non-slip flooring or rugs, raised food and water bowls, and orthopaedic beds.

You can find more ideas in our guide to adapting your home for your senior dog.

Keep them moving

Regular, appropriate exercise can help support mobility. Short, consistent walks are often preferable to occasional long walks. The right amount and type of exercise will depend on your dog's age, breed and overall health, so speak to your vet if you're unsure.

Support a healthy weight

Keeping your dog at a healthy weight can help reduce unnecessary strain on their joints and support their overall wellbeing.

Consider their nutrition

Good nutrition is an important part of supporting your dog's overall health and wellbeing, including their joints. If you're wondering whether changes to their diet or additional nutritional support could be helpful, speak to your vet. They can recommend the most appropriate approach for your dog's individual needs.

Supporting your dog's mobility

Stiff joints can affect dogs in different ways, but recognising the signs early can help you make informed decisions about their care. And don't forget, if you have concerns about your dog's joints or mobility, please talk to your vet.